Thank you for the explanations, Sir.
- Yes, you are right, sir, the Apayas are immeasurable sufferings. However, we can be born human and suffer as much as an animal. An animal can do as much merit as a human even if it is extremely rare cases. I think for example of the horse of our Bodhisatta Kanthaka “Deva Kanthaka removed self-centered view, doubt, and wrongful practices and became a Stream Entrant.” As we know the majority of humans waste their birth by making akusalas. When I talk about unpleasant rebirths I think for example of being reborn blind, deaf, mute, very poor, mental problems. We can be born human and have mental problems that prevent us from seeing the Dhamma or cause us great pain. However, yes usually we talk about the Apayas.