Yes. Saṅkhāra-dukkha may arise in both ways.
– For example, one must make an effort when trying to possess something. Then, depending on what types of kamma were done, those actions will bring vipaka later.
– All three types of dukkha arise via “avijjā paccayā saṅkhāra.”
One type of dukkha-dukkha (physical suffering) is vipaka.
– The other type of mental suffering, “domanassa vedana,” may arise due to the above vipaka vedana. That is absent in an Arahant, even though the first would still be there.